Un tapón ciego es una herramienta de fondo de pozo que se utiliza en operaciones de perforación, terminación e intervención de pozos para sellar secciones de tubería de producción, revestimiento o tubería de perforación, impidiendo el flujo de fluidos o la comunicación de presión. Es un componente esencial para el aislamiento de presión, las pruebas de integridad de pozos y los procedimientos de abandono.
A blind plug is a downhole tool used in drilling, completion, and well intervention operations to seal off sections of tubing, casing, or drill pipe, preventing fluid flow or pressure communication. It is a critical component for pressure isolation, well integrity testing, and abandonment procedures.
Pressure Isolation
Temporarily or permanently blocks fluid flow inside tubulars (e.g., during pressure testing, cementing, or well abandonment).
Withstands high differential pressures (varies by design, typically 1,000–10,000+ psi).
Material & Design
Metallic (steel, aluminum) or composite (drillable) materials.
Configurations: Mechanical set, hydraulic set, or drop-ball activated.
Applications
Well Testing: Seals tubing to perform pressure integrity tests.
Cementing Operations: Acts as a float plug to separate fluids in casing.
Temporary Zonal Isolation: Blocks unwanted fluid entry during workovers.
Well Abandonment: Permanently seals wellbores to meet regulatory requirements.
Advantages
Quick deployment (no waiting time, unlike cement plugs).
Retrievable or drillable (depending on type).
Compatible with standard tubing/casing sizes (e.g., 3-1/2" to 20").
| Type | Description | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanical Blind Plug | Set via wireline or tubing pressure | Temporary well testing |
| Hydraulic Set Blind Plug | Activated by hydraulic pressure | Deep-well isolation |
| Drillable Composite Plug | Made of cast iron, aluminum, or fiber | Permanent abandonment |
| Floating Blind Plug | Used in cementing operations | Prevents fluid contamination |
API 11D1 (Packers & Bridge Plugs)
API RP 57 (Well Control Equipment)
ISO 14310 (Downhole Sealing Devices)